Which medal is awarded for heroism not involving actual conflict with the enemy?

The Navy and Marine Corps Medal is awarded for heroism that is not in direct combat with the enemy. This distinguishes it from other medals that are tied to acts of valor during active engagement in warfare. Recipients typically demonstrate exceptional courage, resourcefulness, or the saving of lives under critical circumstances, despite the absence of direct enemy action. This award recognizes selflessness and bravery in a variety of situations that may involve great personal risk, but do not meet the specific criteria for combat medals, such as the Purple Heart or the Air Medal, which are awarded for actions during combat operations.

The Purple Heart is awarded specifically for wounds received in action against an enemy, while the Air Medal is primarily granted for meritorious achievement while in aerial flight, often related to combat. The Soldier's Medal, although similar in recognizing acts of heroism, is specific to the Army and does not include Navy or Marine Corps actions. Thus, the Navy and Marine Corps Medal specifically honors non-combat heroism in line with the question's criteria.